Deck cranes, also known as ship deck cranes or Marine crane, are important equipment used on ships for loading and unloading cargo.ship Deck cranes can provide different lifting capacity and working radius according to your working needs. It is widely used in offshore engineering, port logistics, offshore oil and gas exploration and other industries.
一、Basic composition
Deck crane mainly consists of base, boom, wire rope, pulley block, transmission system, control system and other parts.
1、Base: The base is the stable foundation of the deck crane, usually installed directly on the deck of the ship, made of sturdy steel, able to withstand the weight of the crane and the huge force generated by the operation.
2、Boom: The boom is another important part of the deck crane, responsible for lifting the cargo from the ship and moving it to the designated position. The boom is usually made up of several sections of telescopic steel tubing, which can be extended and retracted as required to allow loading and unloading at different heights.
3、Wire Rope: Wire rope is the key component connecting the jib and the load, and realises the lifting and moving of the load by the mechanism such as pulley block and winch. The strength and durability of the wire rope is crucial to the safety performance of the crane.
4、Pulley block: The pulley block is the key component to realise the movement of the wire rope in the deck crane, which consists of several pulleys that can change the direction and speed of the wire rope so that the cargo can be lifted, lowered and moved smoothly.
5、Transmission system: the transmission system is the power source of the deck crane, usually consists of electric motor, reduction gear and transmission shaft, etc., which can convert electric energy into mechanical energy and drive the crane for operation.
6、Control system: The control system is the “brain” of the deck crane, responsible for controlling the functions of the crane. It usually consists of electric control cabinets, operating handles and sensors, etc., which can realise the crane’s lifting, lowering, turning, walking and other actions.
How many types of deck cranes are there?
There are various types of deck cranes, which can be classified according to different ways of categorisation, and the main ones are as follows:
1、Classification by structural shape
1.1 Stiff Boom Crane
Marine stiff boom cranes have a compact design that enables them to safely and reliably perform a wide range of load handling tasks in harsh marine environments. Relatively lighter and more flexible than marine deck cranes, standard crane lifting capacities range from 2 to 10 tonnes.
Marine deck crane is mainly used for transportation and transfer of goods between ships, marine supply, underwater operation equipment launching and recovery and other important tasks, the lifting capacity is relatively heavy.
Marine knuckle boom crane is designed for cargo handling operations on ships, which has a folding boom and is convenient to take up less space on the ship to increase operational flexibility and space utilization. It can be used to lift cargo such as containers, heavy equipment or other supplies, and to load or unload cargo onto or from ships.
Marine knuckle boom crane can improve the efficiency and safety of ship handling, and is one of the indispensable equipment in ship cargo handling and maintenance.
Telescopic boom crane is designed by experienced professional engineers using finite element method, can analyse the force of each part of steel structure, more scientific, accurate, safe, and has the advantages of simple operation, impact resistance, good performance, safety and reliability. Can be divided into straight arm telescopic boom crane or folding arm telescopic boom crane.
The hatch gantry cover cranes are specially designed for hatch cover lifting, which is used to assist in opening and closing hatch covers for cargo loading and unloading operations.There are two sets of winch systems installed at both ends of the main girder, and the operators can operate four hooks which have the function of lifting and lowering at the same time, to achieve the smooth lifting and lowering of the hatch cover. An electric hoist is fitted to the lower end of the main beam, which can also be used to lift other items.
Floating cranes play an important role in marine cargo handling, offshore engineering and construction, and maritime rescue. Their advantage is that they can perform flexible lifting operations on the water, are not subject to terrain and geographical restrictions, and can adapt to a variety of complex water environments and climatic conditions. In addition, the floating crane also has a high lifting capacity and operational efficiency to meet the needs of large cargo handling and lifting.
二、Classification by power source
2.1 Electric deck crane: Electricity as the power source, through the electric motor to drive the crane’s functions.
2.2 Hydraulic Deck Crane: Hydraulic power source, through the hydraulic system to achieve the crane’s various operations. Hydraulic deck cranes will gradually replace the electric type for large modernised vessels widely used.
Ship hydraulic cranes usually consist of hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pumps, control valves and hydraulic fuel tanks. The hydraulic system sends hydraulic oil pressure through the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic cylinder, thus generating gravity. The control valve is used to control the movement of the hydraulic cylinder to achieve the lifting and extension of the boom.
三、Classification by Application
3.1 Slewing crane: With slewing function, it can operate within 360 degrees. It mainly consists of base, slewing tower, boom, manoeuvring device and manoeuvring control room.
3.2 Deck Cantilever Crane: Lifting cargo by means of extendable cantilevers.
3.3 Use have a single and double units, commonly known as single and double crane. At present, the former lifting capacity of up to 25t ~ 30t, up to 40t; the latter is the same two units mounted on a rotating chassis, which can be operated separately, but also can be operated in parallel to improve the lifting capacity.
We also have combi cranes that can be used in combination to meet specific needs. The selection of a deck crane must be based on the specific type of vessel, the type of cargo and the loading and unloading requirements.
